Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

1850-1925- The Pacific Adventures of John Cameron. Pacific Magazine.

1867- Turtle's Eggs. Pacific Commercial Advertiser.

1891- Diary of Henry Palmer- Avifauna of Laysan and the Neighboring Islands.

1894- "Life on that islet delighted us all, especially the baby..." Captain John Cameron Quote at East Island, French Frigate Shoals.

1923- Necker the Huge Turtle- Black-and-White PhotoCopies from Bishop Museum.

1925- Bird Life Among Lava Rock and Coral Sand.

1935- A Gazetteer of the Territory of Hawaii. Excerpts Leeward Islands & Other Islands.

1936- Wrecked on Midway in 1888 by Walker and Harrison.

Guyton (1941) Air Base. Excerpts from Chapter 1 & 10.

1948-1959: Commercial capture of green turtles at French Frigate Shoals, Gardner Pinnacles, Pearl and Hermes Reef, and Necker Island.

Brock (1951). Flipper tagging of a green turtle at Layan Island- In: Some Observations on the Laysan Duck. The Auk.

1955- Necker Undersea Eruption of 1955- Web Links.

1960- DOI Memo on Jurisdiction Over the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

Woodside & Kramer (1961) A Report on a Survey Trip to the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

1961-1963 Reports on Survey Trips to the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge by D. Woodside and R. Kramer.

Kramer & Beardsley (1962) A Report on a Survey Trip to the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

Kramer (1963) A Report on a Survey Trip to the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

1964-1967 Ronald L. Walker NWHI Field Note Book.

1965- The Surf I Rode Today in Waikiki- A Poem by Harry Emmett Finch.

Kenyon (1966) Marine Wildlife Biological Observations in the Leeward Hawaiian Islands- See p 43 for Green Turtles.

1966-1973 Part 1 of 4: USFWS and HINWR Trip Reports Compiled by George H. Balazs.

1966-1973 Part 2 of 4: USFWS and HINWR Trip Reports Compiled by George H. Balazs.

1966-1973 Part 3 of 4: USFWS and HINWR Trip Reports Compiled by George H. Balazs

1966-1973 Part 4 of 4: USFWS and HINWR Trip Reports Compiled by George H. Balazs.

1966 & 1989 Hawaii's Other Islands by Warren Roll and For The Birds (FFS) by Susan Scott.

Standen (1967) An explanatory description of the sand islands of Kure, Midway and Pearl & Hermes Reef.

Amerson (1968) Tick Distribution in the Central Pacific as Influenced by Sea Bird Movement. J. Med. Ent.

1968- June Trip to the Hawaiian Islands Refuge by Eugene Kridler.

1969- Biological Warfare- Is the Smithsonian Really a Cover? Science.

1969- Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge Spring Trip March 19-April 6, 1969.

Hendrickson With Excerpt (1969) Report on Hawaiian marine turtle populations. p89-95. Proceedings of the Working Meeting of Marine Turtle Specialists, IUCN Publications.

1970s- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Briefing Document Circulated by NMFS Lab Director Richard Shomura.

1970s-1980s 1 of 5: George Balazs Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File.

1970s-1980s 2 of 5: George Balazs Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File.

1970s-1980s 3 of 5: George Balazs Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File.

1970s-1980s 4 of 5: George Balazs Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File.

1970s-1980s 5 of 5: George Balazs Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File.

1970s-1980s Part 1 of 2: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File of George Balazs.

1970s-1980s Part 2 of 2: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands File of George Balazs.

1970- French Frigate Shoals July USFWS Expedition and Wildlife Management Studies.

1970s- Disturbance of Wildlife. USCG Air Operations Manual.

1970s- Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge: Hawaiian Islands Wilderness Proposal.

1970- Bureau of Sport Fisheries Hawaiian Islands National Refuge Master Plan and Bird Guide.

1970- Regional Geology of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Includes 1955 Necker Island Area Eruption.

1970s Whale-Skate at French Frigate Shoals. Photo by George Balazs.

1970s Maps of Tern, Trig, Round, Mullet and the Gins used by George Balazs at French Frigate Shoals.

1970s- George Balazs Photo Series Over The Years. Assembled by Marc Rice HPA.

Balazs (1981) The Leeward Islands: Hidden Islands of the Hawaiian Chain. Aloha Magazine.

1971- French Frigate Shoals HINWR Expedition Report May 13-20.

1971- French Frigate Shoals Drawings and Photos of Islands Excerpted Pages. ARB The Natural History of FFS by A. Binnion Amers.on Jr.

Amerson (1971) Excerpted Pages From- The Natural History of French Frigate Shoal, NWHI. Atoll Research Bulletin 150.

Bauer (1972) Voyage of the Buttonwood. Outdoor.

1973 And Earlier- NWHI Newspaper and Other Articles Collected by G.H. Balazs HIMB.

1973-1978: George Balazs Field Data for Green Turtle Nesting on East Island FFS.

1973- Expedition Report French Frigate Shoals HINWR 1-5 June.

1973-2014- Jerry Wetherall Green Turtle Annual Nester Estimates for East Island, French Frigate Shoals.

Wallace (1973) Refuge on a Reef- The American Wilderness.

1974- Trip Reports HINWR Table of Contents Compiled by George Balazs.

Lighter (1974) A note on a behavioral spacing mechanism of the ghost crab.

1975-1991 Sea Level and Nesting Green Turtle Numbers at East Island FFS Graphic by Jeffrey Polovina.

1975- Lindbergh Fish, Bird Sanctuary Proposed. Sunday Star-Bulletin & Advertiser.

Amerson (1975) Species richness on the undisturbed Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Ecology (GHB Note- Contains no mention of turtle nesting at Whale-Skate Island). Ecology.

1975- East Island FFS Exact Ground Measurements Taken by George Balazs on August 3rd.

1976- George Balazs Midway Atoll USN Boat License.

Lighter (1976) The social use of space in the Hawaiian ghost crab.

1976- "Walk Softly Stranger" Poem by Harry Emmett Finch on Pole at East Island, French Frigate Shoals.

1977- The Outer Outer Islands. Honolulu Magazine.

Gibbs (1977) Pirates and Buccaneers Chapter Four Excerpt from Shipwrecks in Paradise

Balazs (1977) Ecological Aspects of Green Turtles at Necker Island. HIMB Report.

Lipman (1978) Hawaii's Endangered Wildlife- What Chances for Survival? Honolulu Magazine.

Altonn (March 15, 1978) Unique visitors arrive by air, by sea. Honolulu Star-Bulletin.

1978- Big Coral Discovery Reported Off French Frigate Shoals by Helen Altonn HSB.

1978- Hawaii's Far-Flung Wildlife Paradise.

1978- A Harmonious Relationship. Photo by George Balazs. Sea Secrets.

1978- George Balazs and his friend. Sea Grant Newsletter.

Balazs (1978) Landsat-3 coverage of the NWHI. Letters with G. Richard Stonesifer NASA.

Dollar (1978) Guide to Research Logistics in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. UH Sea Grant College Program.

1978-79: NWHI Survey Assessment of green sea turtle resources- Progress Report by George Balazs.

1979- History of US Coast Guard Loran Stations Hawaii Dossier Assembled by Warren Roll.

1979- Note from Jim Koenig about log with Monel HIMB Turtle Tags 1171 and 1172 Pounded in by G. Balazs at East Island FFS seen at Pearl & Hermes Reef.

1979- Tern Island FFS 1960 Underground Facilfities: Drawing by Captain Holtzman for George Balazs

1979- Dossier for a Negative Declaration of Disestablishment of Loran-A Station at French Frigate Shoals.

Balazs and Ralph (1979) Steller's Sea Eagle At Kure and Midway: First Hawaii record. 'Elepaio 39 (10) 117-118.

1979- USCG Negative declaration of significant environmental impact for the disestablishment of the Loran A Station at FFS in the Hawaiian Island Chain.

Balazs (1979) Marine benthic algae collected from Kure Atoll, Maro Reef and Necker Bank, NWHI. 'Elepaio. '

1979 Dillingham Tide Calendar - Seabirds of the Hawaiian Island- by George Balazs

Gaffney (1979) The "Other" Hawaiian Islands. Photos by George Balazs. SEA MAGAZINE.

1980- Letter to Kahala Hilton Hotel GM Hans Weishaupt from George Balazs HIMB.

1980-1995 Part 1 of 2: George Balazs File Folder for NWHI Including Tag Data, Letters, Articles, FFS Daily Totals and Others.

1980-1995 Part 2 of 2: George Balazs File Folder for NWHI Including Tag Data, Letters, Articles, FFS Daily Totals and Others.

1980s- NWHI Newsclipping File of G.H. Balazs

1980s- Part 1 of 3: Green Turtle Tagging Records by Alan K. H. Kam for Laysan, Pearl & Hermes Reef, and Lisianski: HIMB Tag Series 5500, 5800, 5900, 6200 & 6300.

1980s- Part 2 of 3: Green Turtle Tagging Records by Alan K. H. Kam for Laysan, Pearl & Hermes Reef, and Lisianski: HIMB Tag Series 5500, 5800, 5900, 6200 & 6300.

1980s- Part 3 of 3: Green Turtle Tagging Records by Alan K. H. Kam for Laysan, Pearl & Hermes Reef, and Lisianski: HIMB Tag Series 5500, 5800, 5900, 6200 & 6300

1980s- Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge.

1980s-1990s Part 1 of 3- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Newspaper and Other Articles Collected by George Balazs.

1980s-1990s Part 2 of 3- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Newspaper and Other Articles Collected by George Balazs.

1980s-1990s Part 3 of 3- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Newspaper and Other Articles Collected by George Balazs.

1981 Dillingham Tide Calendar- Featuring the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands- from the air and on the sea by George Balazs

Balazs 1981. "The Leeward Islands" (1981) Aloha- The Magazine of Hawaii.

USFWS (1981) Short-Term management options for Tern Island, French Frigate Shoals. Honolulu, June 1981.

Polovina et al. (1982) Approaches to Resource Assessment for Lobsters, Bottom Fish, Monk Seal and Green Turtle Stocks in the NWHI.

Schlais (1982) Deepwater Shimps A New Pacific Fishery. Sea Frontiers.

1982- Radio Frequencies Used by USFWS and NMFS for NWHI Field Camps and Schematic Diagram for Icom IC-735.

Balazs (1982) The Hidden Hawaiian Islands.

1982- Gooney Bird Still Flying High at 45.

Sheekey (1982) Green turtle basking at Tern Island French Frigate Shoals.

1982- Gooney Bird Still Flying High at 45. The Sunday Star-Bulletin & Advertiser.

1983- The sea turtle study at Johnston. The Breeze.

Wetherall (1983) Assessment of the Stock of Green Turtles Nesting at East Island, FFS. NMFS Admin Report H-83-8

Polovina (1984) Model of a coral reef ecosystem: I. Model of a coral reef ecosystem and its application to French Frigate Shoals. Coral Reefs.

Lipman (1984) The Life, Death and Rebirth of an Island. Honolulu Magazine.

Kam (1984) Green turtle basking in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

1985-A The Smithsonian's Secret Contract by Ted Gup.

1985-B The Smithsonian's Secret Contract by Ted Gup. The Washington Post Magazine.

Kam (1985) Green Turtle Research on Lisianski Island, 1983.

Villa (1985) Correspondence with George Balazs. Regarding Itbayat, Batanes, Phillipines, Green Turtle with Tag 3385.

1985- Maps of Itbayat Batan Islands, Philippines.

Lautenslager (1985) Summary of green turtle surveys and tagging activities conducted at FFS, April - August 1983.

1986- Part 1 of 3: Final Master Plan EIS Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge I-V. US FWS Region One.

1986- Part 2 of 3: Final Master Plan EIS Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge VI-VII. US FWS Region One.

1986- Part 3 of 3: Final Master Plan EIS Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge VIII. US FWS Region One.

1986- Master Plan EIS Technical Appendices for Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge. US FWS Region One.

Nicol (1986) Life and death at the end of the chain. Honolulu Magazine.

1986- Northern Elephant Seals at Midway.

Amerson (1986) Corresondence with George Balazs about NWHI Ticks + several Journal Articles about TICKS.

1986-1987 Correspondence and Articles Assembled by George Balazs Relating to US FWS Region One Master Plan EIS for the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

1988- For Mother Turtles' Best Helpers, Who Dedicate Themselves to Long Lonely Nights Under the Starlit Sky. By Lynn Fukuda alone on Whale-Skate Islet at French Frigate Shoals.

1989- January Members Meeting George Balazs. California Academy of Sciences Newsletter.

1989- Rights of Native Hawaiian Regarding Bottom Fishing in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands by Robert T.B. Iversen, Tom Dye and Linda Paul.

Major (1989) Letters from Marilyn Major about being bitten by ticks at French Frigate Shoals.

1990- Letter to USFWS David Vogel from George Balazs About Renaming the HINWRefuge and Debris & Contamination.

Mortimer (1990) The influence of beach sand characteristics on the nesting behavior and clutch survival of green turtles. Copeia Note: Table 2 has 5 sites in Hawaii, 4 in the NWHI and 1 in the MHI.

1990- Letter from FWS Jennifer Megyesi to George Balazs.

1990- Letter to David Vogel USFWS from George Balazs NMFS addressing the long-term management of Tern Island at Friench Frigate Shoals.

1990s- The Holy Strand. A Poem by Harry Emmett Finch.

Nakai (1990-1991) Glynnis Nakai correspondence to George Balazs.

1991- East Island, French Frigate Shoals FWS Turtle Monitoring Proposal.

1991- Part A- Summary of green turtle studies at Tern Island FFS 1986-1990 by Ken Niethammer.

1991- Part B- Summary of green turtle studies at Tern Island FFS 1986-1990 by Ken Niethammer.

Polovina and Mitchum (1992) Spiny Lobster Recruitment and Sea Level in the NWHI.

Altonn (1992) Turtle Trek Tackles Winds, Open Ocean. Honolulu Star-Bulletin.

Balazs (1996) Email Correspondence with Kimberly Berger: Changes to SOP at Tern Island.

DeMartini et al. (1996) Interdecadal change in reef fish populations at French Frigate Shoals and Midway Atoll, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands: Statistical power in retrospect. Bulletin of Marine Science.

1997- East Island FFS Turtle Report by A. Veit and T. Clark

1997- East Island French Frigate Shoals Turtle Camp: Standard Operating Procedures- See Also Updated Version of 2012.

Rillero (1998) Turtle Tracks- French Frigate Shoals 25th Anniversary with Letter by Ursula and Peter Thanks for Recognizing Balazs. The Maui News.The Maui News.

Balazs (June 9, 1998) Email correspondence with Sylvia Spring. Re: 25 years of research at FFS.

1998- French Frigate Shoals 25th Anniversary- from Turtle Trax www.turtles.org

1998- Call of the Open Road. A Poem by Harry Emmett Finch.

Wetherall et al. (1998) Statistical Methods for Green Turtle Nesting Surveys in the Hawaiian Islands. ISTS-17.

Julie Rocho (1998) Turtle Walks at East Island French Frigate Shoals.

1998- East Island French Frigate Shoals Daily Totals for Nesting Green Turtles by Tim Clark and Vanessa Pepi.

1998- Official 25th Anniversary French Frigate Shoals Poem by Derek M. Age 11, Drawing by Rubina P. Age 11.

1999- Tern Island FFS Daily Totals for Nesting Green Turtles.

Yoshimo (1999) Laysan fever: prevention strategies.

2000- Proposed Monument for Isles Brings Discord. The Honolulu Advertiser.

2000-2001 Midway Atoll Algae and Seagrass Identification by Dennis J. Russell.

2001- Kure Atoll- Dark Side of the Sun.

2001- La Perouse and French Frigate Shoals.

2001- Forgotten Hawaii. Honolulu Advertiser.

2001- Necker Island.

2002- Carapace Length Growth Records for 18 Immature Green Turtles Tagged and Recaptured at Midway Atoll 1978-2001 by George Balazs et al.

2002- Photo Logs for French Frigate Shoals Disposable Cameras No. 1, 2 and 3.

2003- Nesting turtles to get taste of Big Brother. HSB.

Baker et al. 2006 Potential effects of sea level rise on the terrestrial habitats of endangered and endemic megafauna in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. ESR.

Vroom et al. (2006) Marine Algae of French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands: Species List and Biogeographic Comparisons .

2007- Photo Record Card A for East Island FFS.

2007- Photo Record Card B for East Island FFS.

2008- Photo Records Cards A, B & C East Island FFS.

2008- Susan White FWS Memo and Photos December 12, 2008 Tern Island FFS Storm Damage.

2009- Message from Emmett Finch to George Balazs about 100th Anniversary of HINWR held on Kauai.

Tiwari, Balazs and Hargrove (2010) Estimating carrying capacity at the green turtle nesting beach of East Island, French Frigate Shoals. MEPS.

Rice (2010) Midway Atoll Marine Turtle Survey April 16-29, 2010. Hawaii Preparatory Academy.

2010- Rebirth of an Archipelago by Kekuewa Kikiloi.

2010- America’s Tropical Treasures. NW.

2010- East Island French Frigate Shoals Nesting Season Report by Summers and Kneifl.

Nurzia-Humburg and Bogardus (2011) East Island Turtle Report 2011.

Rice and Balazs (2011) Basking green turtles at Midway Atoll. ISTS San Diego.

Bogardus and Nurzia-Humburg (2012) SOP- Standard Operating Procedures Manual for the East Island FFS Turtle Camp.

2012- Award Plaque Commemorating 40 Seasons of Monitoring Green Turtles at East Island, FFS.

2012- East Island Turtle Report 2012. Prepared by Irene Nurzia-Humburg, Dan Rapp and Sarah Youngren.

2012- Tanager Expedition 1923 and Military Interests. Excerpts from the Coral Carrier by A. Binnion Amerson.

Spring (2014) East Island French Frigate Shoals 2014 Turtle Camp Report.

Nurzia Humburg and Balazs (2014) Forty Years of Research: Recovery Records of Green Turtles Observed or Originally Tagged at French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 1973-2013.

Gosliner (2015) East Island FFS Turtle Camp Report for the 2015 Green Turtle Nesting Season.

Gosliner (2015) East Island Turtle Camp Special Operating Conditions: Synopsis Report of September 2015.

Gosliner (2015) NWHI Hawaiian Green Turtle Nesting Activity Survey, August 7-20, 2015.

2015- "Monitoring Sea Turtles by Moonlight" Science and Research in the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument.

2016- Poems from the Unseen by Emmett Finch- Excerpts.

2016- Advocates of Monument Expansion a Case Study of Cognitive Dissonance.

Balazs, Parker and Rice (2017) Ocean pathways and residential foraging locations for satellite tracked green turtles breeding at French Frigate Shoals in the Hawaiian Islands. Micronesica.

Balazs (2018) Hawaiian Hurricane Walaka's submergence of East Island, French Frigate Shoals.

2018-This Hawaiian Island Disappeared Overnight.

2019- Request for Authorization and Approval to Issue a Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument Conservation and Management Permit to the Monument Co-Trustees.

2019- 97-Year Old Adventurer Emmett Finch. The Malibu Times- 4/24/2019

2019- Strong Signs of Survival. Honolulu Star-Advertiser.

2020- Correspondence about East Island, French Frigate Shoals between Randy Kosaki, Keolohilani Lopes and George Balazs.